A hormone is a chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. These substances are essential for various bodily processes and are secreted by glands in the endocrine system. Hormones are carried through the bloodstream to different parts of the body, where they influence a wide range of physiological activities, including: List of Human Hormones→ Latest news on Hormones →
Growth and Development: Hormones like growth hormone, thyroid hormone, and sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) play crucial roles in the physical development of the body, including growth, puberty, and sexual maturation.
Metabolism: Hormones such as insulin, glucagon, and thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, affecting how the body uses energy from food.
Homeostasis: Many hormones contribute to maintaining homeostasis in the body. For example, insulin and glucagon help regulate blood glucose levels, while cortisol and aldosterone help maintain salt and water balance and control blood pressure.
Reproduction: Hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are essential for sexual reproduction, affecting sexual function, reproductive cycles, and fertility.
Mood and Emotional States: Hormones can also affect mood and emotions. For instance, changes in levels of hormones like serotonin, dopamine, and estrogen can influence mood and emotional states.
Response to Stress: Hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline are released in response to stress, preparing the body to react to challenging or threatening situations.
Hormones are crucial for the normal functioning of the body, and imbalances in hormonal levels can lead to a variety of health issues, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, growth disorders, and hormonal imbalances in the reproductive system. Hormone therapy is often used to treat various conditions associated with hormonal imbalances.