A myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids (noncancerous growths) from the uterus. This operation allows the uterus to be left in place and, for some women, makes pregnancy more likely than before. Myomectomy is the preferred fibroid treatment for women who want to become pregnant.
There are several types of myomectomy:
- Abdominal Myomectomy: Also known as an open myomectomy, this involves making a large incision in the lower abdomen to access the uterus and remove fibroids. It's generally used for women with large or deeply embedded fibroids.
- Laparoscopic Myomectomy: This minimally invasive procedure involves small incisions in the abdomen. A laparoscope (a long, thin tube with a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera) is inserted through one incision, and surgical tools are inserted through the others to remove the fibroids.
- Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: This procedure is used for fibroids that are inside the uterine cavity. A small instrument called a hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, which allows the surgeon to see and remove the fibroids.
The choice of procedure depends on the size, number, and location of the fibroids.
Recovery time and complications vary depending on the type of myomectomy:
- Abdominal myomectomy typically requires a longer recovery time and has greater risks of blood loss and infection.
- Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomies usually have shorter recovery times and fewer complications.
Like any surgery, myomectomy carries risks, including bleeding, infection, and the potential for scarring of the uterine wall, which could affect fertility. However, many women report relief from fibroid symptoms and improved fertility after the procedure.
It's important for women considering a myomectomy to discuss with their healthcare provider the procedure's potential benefits and risks, especially in the context of future fertility goals.