Sclerotherapy is a medical procedure used to treat varicose veins and spider veins. It involves injecting a solution, commonly a salt solution or a specialized detergent, directly into the vein. The solution irritates the lining of the blood vessel, causing it to collapse and stick together, and the blood to clot. Over time, the vessel turns into scar tissue and fades from view, effectively removing the appearance of the vein on the skin's surface.

Procedure:

  • Performed in a doctor's office, typically by a dermatologist or a vascular medicine specialist.

  • No anesthesia is required, and the procedure usually takes about 30 minutes, depending on the number and size of veins being treated.

  • A very fine needle is used to inject the sclerosing agent into the vein.

  • Compression stockings are often recommended after the procedure to help with healing and decrease swelling.

Uses:

  • Primarily used for cosmetic purposes to improve the appearance of varicose and spider veins.

  • Can also help alleviate symptoms associated with varicose veins, such as aching, swelling, and burning.

Effectiveness:

  • Generally effective for most patients. It's estimated that 50% to 80% of injected veins may be eliminated with each session.

  • Several treatments may be necessary to achieve desired results.

Risks and Side Effects:

  • Common side effects include swelling, itching, and skin color changes in the treated area.

  • More serious but rare side effects can include allergic reactions, skin ulcers, and deep vein thrombosis (a blood clot in a deeper vein).

  • Pregnant women and individuals with a history of deep vein thrombosis are typically advised against this procedure.

Post-Treatment Care:

  • Walking and moving around is encouraged soon after the procedure.

  • Avoidance of sun exposure on the treated areas is advised to prevent dark spots from forming.

  • Patients are typically able to return to daily activities immediately, with avoidance of strenuous activities for a few days recommended.

Alternatives:

  • Other treatments for varicose veins and spider veins include laser therapy, radiofrequency treatment, and surgery in more severe cases.

It's important for individuals considering sclerotherapy to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if they are suitable candidates for the procedure and to discuss potential risks and benefits.