Spinal decompression

Spinal decompression is a treatment procedure aimed at relieving pressure on the spinal cord or the nerve roots that emerge from the vertebral column. This pressure can be due to various conditions, such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or tumors. Decompression seeks to alleviate pain and improve the function and quality of life for individuals suffering from back pain or neurological deficits associated with spinal compression.

Non-surgical Spinal Decompression:

  1. Traction Therapy: This involves the use of a traction table or similar motorized device to stretch the spine gently. This can create negative pressure within the disc, which may allow a herniated or bulging disc to retract, thus taking pressure off nerves and other structures in the spine.

  2. Physical Therapy: Specific exercises and manual therapies can help relieve pressure on the spine and improve mobility and strength.

Surgical Spinal Decompression:

When non-surgical methods are not effective or the condition is severe, surgical options may be considered. The type of surgery depends on the underlying condition causing the compression:

  1. Discectomy: Removal of a portion of a herniated disc that is pressing on a nerve or the spinal cord.

  2. Laminectomy: Removal of the back part (lamina) of the vertebrae to create more space for the nerves.

  3. Foraminotomy: Enlargement of the bony hole (foramen) where a nerve root exits the spinal canal to relieve pressure on the nerve.

  4. Osteophyte Removal: Removal of bone spurs that are compressing spinal nerves or the spinal cord.

  5. Corpectomy: Removal of a vertebral body along with discs between the vertebrae.

Reasons for Spinal Decompression Surgery:

  • Persistent Pain: Chronic back or neck pain that doesn't respond to conservative treatment.

  • Neurological Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs due to nerve compression.

  • Reduced Quality of Life: When the pain and neurological symptoms significantly impair daily activities and quality of life.

  • Bowel or Bladder Dysfunction: Emergent symptoms such as difficulty controlling bowel or bladder functions, indicating severe nerve compression.

The decision to undergo spinal decompression surgery is based on several factors, including the severity of symptoms, the specific anatomy of the spinal compression, and the patient's overall health and preferences. The goal of the surgery is to relieve pressure on the spinal nerves or cord, alleviate pain, improve function, and prevent further spinal cord or nerve damage. After surgery, a period of rehabilitation is often necessary to maximize recovery and return to normal activities.


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